Each joint in the human body has its own structure and function and involves soft tissues. All tissues are under control of the central nervous system (CNS). CNS is responsible for motor control, innervations for sensation and proprioreception and adequate blood supply. Movements controlled by the neuromuscular system are precise and allow little deviation. They are controlled by coordinated CNS pattern and can be modified by training and repetition. To be appropriate, efficient, and pain-free, all musculoskeletal functions of the body must have a correct neuromuscular pattern regulated by CNS. Initiation of a desired movement begins in the cerebral cortex of the brain and evokes a motor pattern in the CNS that is both voluntary and reflex (automatic). The muscular reaction, therefore, involves both peripheral and CNS, and both must be intact and properly oriented.
In ideal posture the use of joints and muscles place no stress upon soft tissues. However, excessive use, abuse and misuse can cause irritations that often result with pain and change in function. Posture and neuromuscular activity can be altered due to:
- Physical and emotional stress,
- Mechanical injury or trauma,
- Fatigue, anxiety, depression.
Once the neuromuscular pattern is altered, the biomechanics is altered and the soft-tissues get stressed and damaged.
Most of the musculoskeletal issues respond to treatment by mechanical means (therapies include but not limited to: physiotherapy, chiropractic, osteopathy, exercises, massage, taping etc.).
Initiation of movement and then developing a skill in the performance of the motion requires practice and performance without interruption of any aspect of the neuromuscular patterns as well as feedback from muscles, tendons, joint capsules skin, ligaments.
Body mechanics depend upon the integrity of neuromusculoskeletal system.
Interruptions in neuromusculoskeletal system can result in functional and structural damage. Every musculoskeletal system is dependent upon intact neurologic patterns, proper skeletal alignment, good muscle coordination and minimisation of any interruptions.
